There is a huge number of different parasites that can exist in a person's internal organs or inhabit its skin and hair.Including such parasites can be helminths.
Helminths- General name of parasitic worms living in human body, other animals or plants.
According to the World Health Organization Statistics, more than 4.5 billion people in the world are infected with various parasites, many of which are Helminthes.
The official statistics of the Russian Federation remarks increasing the incidence of basic helmines in some territories of the Russian Federation, especially: echinococus, desisthorchiasis.In several territories, the indicators of the frequency of enterobio and ascaridosis remain at a high level.
There are many ways of introducing to the human body, however, one of the most common ways of infection is infection through food products.Poorly washed vegetables, fruits or herbs, insufficient fried or cooked meat, fish, poultry, improperly treated food can lead to helmintha infection.
You can infect the incorrect storage of the finished product, for example, the storage of sweet pastries without protective packaging can lead to helminthia infection, whose eggs can enter a finished product using flies or other insects.
Let's try to figure out which offices are transferred with food and are most often in our country and how to minimize the risk of infection with them.
Supreme (Cat, Later, Lanceolat, etc.)
Fasciological
In people, more than 40 types of subsventors can parasize, while the localization of hermimans in the body can be very different - liver, light, blood vessels.
The borrower is the liver of the cause of fasciolysis and affects the liver and the gallbladder.
The person is infected when using vegetable crops, water watering from open ponds.
Patients have general symptoms of intoxication - weakness, reduced appetite, nausea, headache.Allergic reactions may occur in the form of itching or urticaria, asthmatic attacks.
Increasing the size of the parasite can lead to brightness breaches bile in the twelve and the emergence of the mechanical jaundice.Patients have pain in real hypochondria.Then the yellow skin can be noticed and the excrement can be painted.
Opistorchoz
Causal descriptions description desisthorchiasis is a plate plate.
Human infection arises when raw, is not thermally processed or salty fish.
Clinical manifestations Opisthorchiasis is characterized by significant variety.It depends on individual body characteristics, as well as in the intensity and duration of the infection.The number of parasitic worms can fluctuate in a large range: from individual parasites to a few dozen and even hundreds.Repeated use of infected fish leads to an increase in infection and deterioration of clinical events.Clinical, disease can be accompanied by increasing temperature in patients, urticaria appearance, skin itch, muscles and joint pain.Patients may have pain in real hypochondria, a sense of weight in the stomach, nausea.
Paragonism
The main causative agent of paragonymosis in humans is pulmonary bacon.
The caused agent of the disease enters the hose of a person when they eat crabs living in areas, where there is a focus of disease, and migrates through the body: penetrates the intestinal cavity, and then enter the pleural cavity through the diaphragm, and then in pulmonary tissue.Longer larvae can penetrate both other organs and tissues.The localization of the parasite in the brain is especially dangerous.The compulmonal localization of the parasites occurs in a third of infected people and is often the cause of death.
In the early stage of the disease, when the pulmonary bacon migrates only all over the body, the disease continues almost asymptomatic.Sometimes small allergic reactions are possible, skin itch, less often - abdominal pain, jaundice.As soon as the parasite reaches the final localization, the patients expressed symptoms of lung damage: a constant cough with a plentiful sputum, strong pain in chest.During the disease, various complications may occur, for example, pneumotorax - air entering a pleural cavity.Very often in patients, inflammation of plunder or pleuris (inflammation in the pleural cavity) develop.
Ribbons
Ribbon Worms (Cestodos) - The group of parasitic worms has a shape of a ribbon and consisting of a different number of anatomically insulated segments - swallow.The dimensions of the worm vary from a few millimeters to 10-15 meters or more.At the front end of the worm, the head is located, which is the body of fixing the parasites to the human intestine.Helmint is attached to the intestinal wall using different devices - rounded or slotted suction cups, hooks.
Dirilobotriosis
The causing agent of dipylobotriosis is a wide cassette, which lives in the bowls of a person.
The tape is widely reached in length of 12-15 meters or more, and the number of segments-several thousand.
Human infection arises when not thermally processed, fresh frozen, weakly chopped, poor rowing and pus, raw fish minced fish, as well as when using fresh salt fish.The clinical figure occurs due to the mechanical effect of Helmintha on the intestinal mucosa and the absorption of nutrients.Patients with dipylobotriosis complain about pain and brewing in the stomach, nausea, vomiting.There is often a chair disorder.With the simultaneous parasite of several worms, obstructions can appear.
The tape scenes Vitamin B12 on its surface, and this leads to a violation of the formation of red blood cells in the body of patients and the appearance of anemia.Patients have pale skin, weakness, discomfort.
Toninarchoza
The cause of the shading is a bull that is a bull, which is localized by a small bowel and can reach 10 meters long.
People are infected with tuserankosis when they eat the infected livestock meat (poorly fried or cooked, striptease, minced meat).
Tusirinchosis often continues asymptomatic and is detected by accident when the patient sees in his feces of a parasite segment or reveals them in bed or on clothes.During the test, the patient may complain that he recently feels weakness, increase fatigue, sleeping, abdominal skin, hurts in the right reputable region, refund, chair violation.
As a complication of Tusirinchosis in patients, an acute standby or intestinal obstruction may occur in patients.
Tennis
The caused tinosis agent is a pig chain that is localized in a small bowel person and can reach 3 meters long.
Pork Tapaworm can be local in various organs and tissues.
Relatively favorable cystichosis with localization in subcutaneous tissue or skeletal muscles.
With eye cystiskus, patients complain about distorting object forms, Lakrimat and gradual reduction of vision sharpness.
The brain cysticosis is difficult and often ends with a fatal outcome for a sick person.
Eachinococcours
The cause of echinococosis is an echinococcock that is localized in the liver and lungs and can reach a length of 5-6 meters.
For a person, an echinococcode infection is possible using undamaged garden crops, vegetables or fruits, which could be parasite eggs.
Clinical manifestations of the disease depend on size, quantity and localization of echinoccal bubbles in the patient's body.With the localization of echinococcocks in the liver, patients complain about the seriousness and pain in the right hypochondria, as well as yellow skin as a result of brightening breaches.Large cysts, squeezing vegetable gates, lead to violation of the venous pouring from the hose and the appearance of Assite - the accumulation of liquid in the abdominal cavity.
When they are localized in the lungs, dry cough and pain during breathing.
Alveokocosa
The cause of alveococus is alveococcus, which affects the liver with possible late metastases with various other bodies.The size of the alveococci does not exceed 5 mm.
The person is infected when eating unwashed wild herbs and forest berries, as well as when eating the product, washing which is performed in the open pond.
In the early stage of disease, patients are concerned about weakness, weaknesses, headaches, skin ites.In the future, complaints may occur to a sense of weight in the right hypochondria;Vomiting, diarrhea, draft, especially after eating greasy food.
The patient's condition is significantly worsening when alveococcus enters other organs.The most dangerous metastasis in the brain, kidneys, lungs.Against the inhibition of the patient's immune system, bubbles are very often, abscesses occur in the internal bodies, which further favor the patient's condition and may be the cause of death.
Roundworms (nematodes)
Round worms are one of the most numerous types of worms.Diseases caused by round worms are called nematodes.
The body of the nematode has a spindle or threaded shape, links at the ends, rounded in section, the size of the worm circle can be different, but more often it does not exceed 0.5 meters.
Akaridoza
Causal agent Ascariasis is Ascaris, parasitic in the thin hose of a person.The size of mature worms can reach 40 cm.
The main and only mechanism of human infection with ascaridosis is fecal-orally.Irrited vegetables or fruits, water, household products, dirty hands are the main transmission factors.And if you remember the mechanical egg brackets - insects, and then a list of products on which ascaride eggs can be extremely large.
The clinical manifestations of Ascariasis depend on the quantity of the parasite in a dark intestine.Most often one individual lives in a person's bowels - then the disease is the most common asymptomatic.
In the presence of several individuals in the body, patients have signs of body intoxication with worm products.Patients complain about dizziness, headaches, sleep disorder.There is a feeling of weight in your stomach, an unstable chair.When parasing a large amount of ascaride, the symptoms of intestinal obstruction may occur.
Enterobia
Cancel Entereobioose agent are cuts that are localized in the guts and can reach size up to 1 cm.
The only way to infection with cuts is fekalan-oral.Irrexed vegetables and fruits, home items, dirty hands are the main transmission factors.Insects can also be puppets cutting eggs for food.
When parasiticizing a small number of parasites, the asymptomatic course of the disease is possible, while in the presence of a large number of parasites, the itching in the anus, patients are possible in abdominal pain, nausea and disruption chairs.
During the migration of females, women can penetrate genitals with subsequent phenomenon inflammatory process in them.
Trichinosis
The cause of trichinosis is trichinel, which is localized in the dark hose and the skeletal host muscles.
Trichinella is one of the smallest nematodes.The size of the parasites barely reach 4 mm.Adult trichinels parasitize in a thin hose, and in the Laki phase in transverse striped muscles, exclusion is the heart muscle.
The person is infected, used by infected animals - wild pigs, pigs, bears, seals.It is enough to use 30-50 g of trichinelle meat for an infection.The most common person is infected with the use of meat, fats, hams, bacon, joints, as well as sausage made of corpse infected animals.
Clinical trichinosis is manifested by general symptoms of malaida, headaches, fever up to 38-39 ° C.
It appears a little later, the edema of the eyelid or entire facial, sometimes appears swelling of the limbs.These symptoms add muscle pain - calf, chewing, lumbar.Gradually, muscle pain is amplified, spreads to new muscle groups.Patient movements are becoming limited, sometimes to complete immobilization.
Intoxications of the patient's body with parasite life leads to heart damage, lungs, brains and can be the cause of the patient's death.
Helminthiasis Prevention
To prevent Helminthim infection, several rules must be followed, namely:
- Follow the simplest rules of personal hygiene, including hand washing after the street, before meals, after contact with money and animals.
- Try to avoid contact with wanderers, and if you have a pet, visit the Veterinary Clinic regularly.It is necessary to conduct courses from removing animals with a frequency recommended by the veterinarian.
- Thoroughly wash the fruits, vegetables, berries, even if they are from your personal plot.
- Do not drink water and do not wash dishes and food with water, the safety you are unsure.
- Eat only products that have passed the necessary heat processing.
- Enable insect protection in your kitchen.For example, to take window openings, cover ready dishes.
- Do not eat dried or dried house -made fish.
- Do not use a domestic salt Larta.